COVID-19 Surveillance by Site/Context

• Surveillance in the community - Individuals in the community can play an important role in surveillance of COVID-19 by getting tested when they have signs and symptoms of COVID-19; and participating in contact tracing and cluster investigations.
• Surveillance at primary care level - To detect clusters and cases in the community through testing at primary care clinics or at community testing facilities. Rapid daily data reporting to local or national authorities are critical to detect new cases and clusters and to initiate contact tracing. (Use minimum number of data variables and send using of mobile app, text message or phone call).
• Hospital based surveillance - Requires reporting of probable or confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths within 24 hours of identification to local or national public health authorities.
• Sentinel surveillance - Using the existing Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) can be used to monitor trends in community transmission of COVID-19 virus, understand co-circulation of respiratory viruses, and support the update of diagnostic tests.
• Intensified Surveillance - The upgrading from a passive to an active surveillance system for a specified reason and for a limited period (could be because of an outbreak).
• Enhanced surveillance - Is for high risk groups residing or working in closed settings or other vulnerable groups necessary to ensure the prompt detection of cases and clusters. The collection of additional data about cases reported under routine surveillance.