When you have studied this session, you should be able to:

• Define and use correctly all of the key words printed in bold. 
• Describe the similarities and differences between ‘sanitation’ and ‘waste management’.
• Describe the sanitation ladder and the waste hierarchy. 
• Describe the particular features of urban areas that influence sanitation and waste management.
• Understand the current status of sanitation and waste management in Ethiopia and the policies that exist to improve the situation.